masala (pronouns)
Aya ndi maipfi a shumaho na dzina kana a ima vhuimoni ha dzina. A vhumbwa nga mudzi na mutshila.
1. Masala Vhukuma (True Pronouns)
a) Muthu wa u thoma
Tsumbo: nne (vhuthihi) > rine (vhunzhi)
b) Muthu wa vhuvhili
Tsumbo: iwe (vhuthihi) > inwi (vhunzhi)
c) Muthu wa vhuraru
Tsumbo: ene (vhuthihi) > vhone (vhunzhi)
2. Masala Zwao (Ordinary Pronouns)
Tsumbo: Mukumba wone wo oma
Thambo yone yo thukhuwa
Danda lone li do wanala
Tshone tshi do wanala
kwone a ku dzindeli
Luvhone lwone lu do dzima .
3. Masala Masumbi (Demonstrative Pronouns)
Tsumbo
| VHUIMO I (a) | VHUIMO I (b) | VHUIMO II | VHUIMO III | |
| Muthu | uno | uyu | uyo | ula |
| Zwiliwa | zwino | izwi | izwo | zwila |
| Lulabi | luno | ulu | ulwo | lula |
| Miri | ino | iyi | iyo | ila |
| Vhurukhu | vhuno | uvhu | uvho | vhula |
4. Masala Maitimataluli/Vhushaka (Relative Pronouns)
Tsumbo: Vhathu vhane vha rengisa
Kholomo ine ya dzwala
Tshienda tshine penya
Kuduna kune kwa dzindela
5. Masala Vhune (Possessive Pronouns)
Tsumbo: Ndi bugu yanga
Kholomo dzashu dzo xela
Mbudzi yanu yo wanala
Ndi zwavho zwothe
6. Masala Vhunzhi (Quantitative Pronouns)
Tsumbo: Vho vhuya vhothe
Zwothe ro zwi dzhia
Ndo mu rwa ndi ndothe
© 2004 Mamugudubi